CounterRefine: Answer-Conditioned Counterevidence Retrieval for Inference-Time Knowledge Repair in Factual Question Answering

In three linesCounterRefine is a lightweight repair layer for RAG that treats the first answer as a hypothesis to test. The system issues answer-conditioned expansion queries to retrieve candidate-specific evidence, then applies a deterministically-validated KEEP/REVISE refinement step. On SimpleQA, it improves a matched one-pass RAG baseline by up to 5.8 correct-rate points.

Summary generated by Claude — human-verified