An interpretable and trustworthy AI framework for large-scale longitudinal structure-pain association studies using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI)

In three linesAI framework combining deep learning for MOAKS prediction and longitudinal statistical modeling. On 2,175 knees (Osteoarthritis Initiative), MCC improvements: BML 0.69→0.91, cartilage 0.45→0.80, meniscal extrusion 0.59→0.89. Two pain trajectories identified; bone marrow lesions, cartilage loss, and meniscal extrusion associated with rapid progression (OR 1.62–2.50).

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